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BUDDHIST DICTIONARY |
BUDDHIST DICTIONARY |
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lahutā: 'lightness', or 'agility', may be of 3 kinds: of corporeality (rūpassa lahutā; s. khandha, I ), of mental factors (kāya-lahutā), and of consciousness (citta-lahutā). Cf. Tab. II. |
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lakkhaṇa: 'characteristics'. For the 3 ch. of existence, s. ti-lakkhaṇa. |
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law: dhamma (q.v.). |
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learning, wisdom based on: s. paññā. |
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liberality: dāna (q.v.), cāga (q.v.). |
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liberation: s. vimokkha. |
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life-infatuation: s. mada. |
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light, perception of: s. āloka-saññā. |
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light-kasiṇa: s. kasiṇa. |
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lightness (of corporeality, mental factors and consciousness): lahutā (q.v.). |
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loathsomeness (of the body): s. asubha, sīvathikā, kāyagatāsati. |
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lobha: 'greed', is one of the 3 unwholesome roots (mūla, q.v.) and a synonym of rāga (q.v.) and taṇhā (q.v.). |
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lobha-carita: 'greedy-natured', s. carita. |
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lofty consciousness: s. Sobhana. |
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lohita-kasiṇa: 'red-kasiṇa', s. kasiṇa. |
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loka: 'world', denotes the 3 spheres of existence comprising the whole universe, i.e. (1) the sensuous world (kāma-loka), or the world of the 5 senses; (2) the fine-material world (rūpa-loka), corresponding to the 4 fine-material absorptions (s. jhāna 1-4); (3) the immaterial world (arūpa-loka), corresponding to the 4 immaterial absorptions (s. jhāna, 5-8). |
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The sensuous world comprises the hells (niraya ), the animal kingdom (tiracchāna-yoni), the ghost-realm (peta-loka), the demon world (asura-nikāya), the human world (manussa-loka) and the 6 lower celestial worlds (s. deva I). In the fine-material world (s. deva II) still exist the faculties of seeing and hearing, which, together with the other sense faculties, are temporarily suspended in the 4 absorptions. In the immaterial world (s. deva III) there is no corporeality whatsoever, only the four mental groups (s. khandha) exist there. |
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Though the term loka is not applied in the Suttas to those 3 worlds, but only the term bhava, 'existence' (e.g. M. 43), there is no doubt that the teaching about the 3 worlds belongs to the earliest, i.e. Sutta-period, of the Buddhist scriptures, as many relevant passages show. |
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loka-dhamma: 'worldly conditions'. "Eight things are called worldly conditions, since they arise in connection with worldly life, namely: gain and loss, honour and dishonour, happiness and misery, praise and blame" (Vis.M. XXII). Cf. also A. VIII, 5. |
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lokiya: 'mundane', are all those states of consciousness and mental factors - arising in the worldling, as well as in the Noble One - which are not associated with the supermundane (lokuttara; s. the foll.) paths and fruitions of Sotāpatti, etc. See ariyapuggala, A. |
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lokuttara: 'supermundane', is a term for the 4 paths and 4 fruitions of Sotāpatti, etc. (s. ariya-puggala), with Nibbāna as ninth. Hence one speaks of '9 supermundane things' (nava-lokuttara dhamma). Cf. prec. |
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loving-kindness: mettā; s. brahmavihāra. |
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lower fetters, the 5: s. saṃyojana. |
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lower worlds, the 4: apāya (q.v.). |
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low speech: tiracchāna-kathā (q.v.). |
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lust: s. rāga |
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Cập nhập ngày: Thứ Năm ngày 2 tháng 3, 2023 |
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